🔶 开源AI的现状

与我们一起构建

首席技术官 Raffi Krikorian 的一封信

在新西兰最北端，一家毛利广播电台为 te reo 语训练语音模型——这是一门市场太小容不下的语言——采用的许可证确保数据始终属于其族群。普华永道，全球最大的会计师事务所之一，在金融语言上微调了一个开放模型，如今在自己的硬件上为数百家客户运行，没有按 token 计费。洛桑的研究人员与红十字会合作构建了一个开放医疗模型，根据其人道主义准则进行调整，正准备在瑞士国内和坦桑尼亚进行临床试验。在东非，农民用手机上的模型直接诊断木薯病害，离线运行，在没有云覆盖的田野里。在瑞士，一个公共联盟在公共超级计算机上训练了一个国家模型，并发布了所有部分：权重、数据、训练代码。他们都没有请求许可，也没有人能租用这些成果。他们拥有它——这就是全部的理念。

开源和开放权重的 AI 如今支撑着软件史上增长最快的构建者生态系统之一。仅 Hugging Face 就托管着 250 万个公共模型和 1300 万用户。《财富》500 强中有三分之一是其中一员。在开发者路由真实生产流量的 OpenRouter 上，开放权重模型从极小的使用份额上升到 2025 年底约占三分之一。仅仅六个月后，该平台每周流转 25 万亿 token——增加了五倍——而流量的最大单一来源是一个开放模型。开发者正根据模型的能力和成本做出反应。而在这两方面，开放已成为实用之选。

今年春天，最强的封闭模型得分为 60，最强的开放模型得分为 54。一年前，领先的开放模型仅为 22。封闭系统在最困难的问题上仍领先。但对于大多数构建者实际交付的（价格、控制和可部署性至关重要的场景）来说，开放模型已从有希望进入了就绪状态。仍在等待开源 AI 成熟的人可以停止等待了。它已经成熟了。

政府也在行动。欧盟委员会提议公共机构采购 AI 时遵循“开源优先”规则，加拿大则设定了将企业采用率从 12% 提升至 60% 的国家目标。当社区、市场和政府同时汇聚于同一件事时，他们正在告诉你方向：朝着更多智慧、在更多人的手中、由更多人拥有的方向发展。

这一切并非必然，而另一种诱人的未来也在招手。想象少量验证机器将世界复述给你，流畅、自信，却无法追溯任何来源。数亿喧哗的声音组成的集市被一个精致的礼宾抑制，它只对他的主人负责。今年六月，一个星期五下午，当最先进的模型之一因一封政府信函而全球下线时，我们预览了这番景象。每一个租用该模型的企业都发现了一个属于别人的关闭开关。

我们曾经历过。Mozilla 的存在正是因为一家公司试图掌控网络的前门，一个开放社区挺身而出确保它永远无法得逞。二十五年后，有人故技重施。第一次我们押注开放。开放赢了。我们可以再次携手，再次胜利。

我们的信念很简单：前进的道路是竞争和互操作性。我们相信一个多模型的世界，有标准方式将它们连接起来，以及随时离开任何供应商的自由。开放在这方面有案可查。它做大了蛋糕，让更多人能拥有一份。

请将下文视为一幅地图：开源 AI 在哪里取胜——一些数字甚至让我们惊讶——以及它在哪里暴露薄弱。一部隐藏弱点的案例就是广告。

构建者们已在构建。租来的未来有更雄厚的资金；而自有的未来有更多双手——多出数百万双——这个故事每次讲述都走向同一结局：多数人，在开放中构建，超越墙后少数人。

与我们一起构建。

× The opening letter

Build with us.

A letter from our CTO, Raffi Krikorian

In New Zealand's far north, a Māori broadcaster trains speech models for te reo — a language too small for any market — under a license that keeps the data with its people. PwC, one of the largest accounting firms in the world, fine-tuned an open model on the language of finance and runs it today for hundreds of clients, on its own hardware, with no per-token meter running. Researchers in Lausanne built an open medical model with the Red Cross, tuned to its humanitarian guidelines, and are preparing clinical trials at home and in Tanzania. In East Africa, farmers diagnose cassava disease with a model that runs on the phone itself, offline, in fields the cloud has never reached. In Switzerland, a public consortium trained a national model on public supercomputers and released all of it: weights, data, training code. None of them asked permission, and none of them could have rented this. They own it — that is the whole idea.

Open-source and open-weight AI now anchor one of the fastest-growing builder ecosystems in the history of software. Hugging Face alone hosts 2.5 million public models and 13 million users. A third of the Fortune 500 are among them. On OpenRouter, where developers route real production traffic, open-weight models went from a sliver of usage to roughly a third by late 2025. Just six months later, the platform moves 25 trillion tokens a week — five times as much — and the largest single source of that traffic is an open model. Developers are responding to what the models can do and what they cost. And on both counts open has become the practical choice.

This spring, the strongest closed model scored 60 and the strongest open model 54. A year earlier, the leading open model managed 22. Closed systems still lead on the hardest problems. But for what most builders actually ship — where price, control, and deployability matter — open models have crossed from promising to ready. Anyone still waiting for open source AI to grow up can stop waiting. It already has.

Governments are moving, too. The European Commission has proposed an “open source first” rule for how public institutions buy AI, and Canada has set a national target to lift business adoption from 12 percent to 60. When communities, markets, and governments converge on the same thing at once, they are telling you where this is heading: toward more intelligence, in more hands, and owned by more people.

None of this is inevitable, and the other future on offer is seductive. Picture a handful of validation machines reading the world back to you, smooth and confident and sourced to nothing you can check. The bazaar of a billion arguing voices is muffled by a polished concierge that answers to its owner. We got a preview this June, on a Friday afternoon, when one of the most advanced models went dark everywhere because a government sent a letter. Every business renting that model discovered an off switch that belonged to someone else.

We have been here before. Mozilla exists because one company tried to own the front door to the web, and an open community rose up to make sure it never could. Twenty-five years later, someone is running the same play. We bet on open the first time. Open won. Together, we can do it again.

Our belief is simple: the path forward is competition and interoperability. We believe in a world of many models, standard ways to plug them together, and the freedom to walk away from any vendor at any time. Open has a record here. It grew the pie and let more people own a slice of it.

Read what follows as a map: where open AI is winning — some numbers surprised even us — and where it is exposed. A case that hides its weak points is an advertisement.

The builders are already building. A rented future has deeper pockets; an owned one has more hands — millions more — and this story ends the same way every time it is told: the many, building in the open, outbuild the few behind walls.

Build with us.