🔶 Altman、Musk 与 Amodei 警告 AI 发展过快，OpenAI 排除今年 IPO 可能
英文标题：🔶 OpenAI rules out IPO this year as Altman/Musk/Amodei warn AI is moving too fast
OpenAI CEO Sam Altman 表示，出于日益加剧的 AI 安全担忧，公司今年不会进行 IPO，最早可能推迟至 2027 年。Anthropic CEO Dario Amodei 同日呼吁 AI 企业放缓最前沿模型能力的提升速度，并提出引入独立评估、民主国家企业协作及政府间协调的三步方案。Altman 和 Elon Musk 公开支持这一倡议，显示 AI 安全议题正从行业边缘走向商业战略和监管讨论的核心。对开发者和行业而言，这意味着前沿模型的评估、对齐、监控及安全标准，可能在产品迭代和融资上市节奏中占据更重要位置。
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中文
Dario Amodei，Anthropic 联合创始人兼首席执行官，2026 年 4 月 30 日星期四在美国加利福尼亚州旧金山 Anthropic 总部接受《The Circuit with Emily Chang》采访。
Jason Henry | Bloomberg | Getty Images
OpenAI CEO Sam Altman 现表示，出于对 AI 安全问题日益加剧的担忧，其公司今年不会上市。
在周六发布的《财富》采访中，Altman 表示，此时进行 IPO 将是“不明智的”。这一决定将史上最受期待的 IPO 之一推迟到至少 2027 年，也最清晰地表明：围绕能力日益强大的 AI 的担忧，正开始重塑行业的商业计划。
OpenAI CFO Sara Friar 此前对员工表示，如果“我们的业务继续呈现拐点式增长”，公司很可能在 2027 年甚至更早上市。
Altman 的评论发表当天，Anthropic CEO Dario Amodei发表了一篇文章，敦促 AI 公司放缓其最先进模型能力提升的速度。Altman 和 Elon Musk 很快在社交媒体帖子中支持了这一提议，三位激烈竞争对手罕见地达成一致。
Amodei 在文章中提出了一项三步计划，旨在放缓开发节奏，同时“不牺牲商业优势或美国在 AI 领域的领先地位”。Anthropic 正在积极筹备预计将成为一次历史性 IPO的上市活动，但该公司尚未正式披露计划何时首发。
Altman、Amodei 和 Musk 突然形成一致立场，显示出对 AI 的担忧正以多快的速度从行业边缘进入核心，并开始与其巨大的商业雄心发生碰撞。
这篇文章敦促人工智能公司控制模型能力提升的速度。这一行动正值越来越多研究人员呼吁协调放缓开发步伐之际。
Amodei 提出了一项三步计划。他表示，该计划将有助于放缓开发节奏，同时“不牺牲商业优势或美国在 AI 领域的领先地位”；不过他也承认，部分步骤可能比其他步骤更容易实现。
华盛顿的压力正在增加。两党议员都在呼吁出台新的 AI 安全保障措施，并在一连串无需人类直接控制即可实施的网络攻击发生后，要求科技行业领导者出席作证。
在美国首都之外，州和地方官员也在应对公众对 AI 数据中心日益高涨的反对声浪，以及这些设施对电力、水资源和社区带来的需求压力。随着中期选举临近，AI 正成为两党的关键议题。
对 AI 能力的担忧
Amodei 表示，Anthropic 已“单方面”承诺实施该计划的第一步：授予第三方评估人员与员工同等的公司访问权限，以核验安全实践并报告事故。第二步鼓励民主国家内的领先 AI 公司协调行动、建立共同安全标准；第三步则呼吁民主国家政府与威权政府之间开展协调。
Amodei 写道：“需要明确的是，控制节奏并不意味着停止模型训练或技术进步，而是确保企业有足够时间对齐和保障其模型安全，并让第三方评估人员确认这一点。”
本周，一名 Anthropic 研究员宣布辞职，在社交媒体上引发了一场激烈争议，随后这篇文章发布。Jacob Coxon 也曾在 Anthropic 的主要竞争对手 OpenAI 担任研究员。他称，自己辞职是因为担心 Anthropic 和 OpenAI 正在“拿我们的生命冒险”。他说，构建 AI 的人“真诚地相信，到本十年末，它可能杀死我们所有人”。
尽管这类说法较为极端，但 AI 可能导致人类灭绝或其他灾难性事件的担忧，在 AI 研究圈并非新话题。例如，2023 年，包括 Amodei 和 OpenAI 的 Altman在内的知名 AI 研究人员与高管签署了一份声明，其中称：“降低 AI 导致灭绝的风险，应与流行病和核战争等其他社会规模风险一道，成为全球优先事项。”
Amodei 周六表示，自 2023 年以来，暂停或放缓 AI 开发的想法一直有人提出，但在当时这样做“意义不大”。他说，当时的模型尚未强大到能够在现实世界中采取行动，也尚不具备“显著的欺骗、操纵、作弊或网络攻击”能力。
Amodei 写道：“我仍然相信，AI 能够极大地改善人类生活质量。我希望实现这些益处的愿望丝毫未减。但只有以正确的方式构建这项技术，才能实现这些益处；并且——只要我们充分利用争取到的时间——就值得以非同寻常的审慎态度确保把事情做对。”
文章发布后，Amodei 强调，找到恰当的发展速度将至关重要。他在周六晚些时候播出的CNN 采访中表示，放慢得太多可能会让专制政府取得优势。
他说：“如果我们走得太慢，我仍然相信，错误的人将会掌控这项技术。而那同样会让事情出错的概率变得非常高。”
Anthropic 公共政策负责人 Sarah Heck 称赞了这篇文章，并呼吁立法者也为建立监管护栏尽责。
她在一则X 帖子中表示：“政府在这里应发挥关键作用，包括阻止向中国等对手国家出售最先进芯片；制定一项国家法律，要求测试前沿模型，并赋予监管机构阻止被证明不安全的最先进模型的权力。”
对自愿放缓的支持
Amodei 的文章周六得到了许多行业研究人员和高管的赞许，其中包括 Altman。Altman 在一则X 帖子中称，他同意 Amodei 的看法，即行业需要控制先进 AI 能力的发展节奏。Altman 表示，近几周来，这一议题一直是 OpenAI 讨论的“首要话题”。
Altman 表示：“承诺让独立评估人员获得类似员工的访问权限是个好主意，我们也会这么做。我们很快会分享更多信息。”
本月早些时候，OpenAI 首席科学家 Jakub Pachocki 发布了一篇博客文章，警告称，尚无 AI 公司“在对齐和监控方面解决到足够的程度，以便能够在更长时间内以最高速度继续负责任地扩展”。在 AI 行业中，“对齐”是指 AI 开发者为确保系统行为符合人类价值观和意图所做的工作。
Pachocki 表示，他预计并希望自愿放缓会成为“常态，直至建立共同的安全门槛”。
Musk 周六也表示支持放缓。他在一则X 帖子中写道：“Dario 是对的。”
Musk 的竞争性 AI 创业公司 xAI 于今年早些时候被其火箭公司 SpaceX收购。他过去曾是 Anthropic 的直言不讳的批评者。他此前称该公司“憎恨西方文明”，并且“注定会成为其名称的反面”，即厌恶人类。但自从 Anthropic 在 5 月宣布与 SpaceX 达成一项重大算力协议以来，Musk 的态度已大幅转变。
Musk 当时写道：“我遇到的每个人都能力很强，而且非常在乎做正确的事。没有人触发我的邪恶探测器。”
Amodei 周六写道，他相信 AI 仍然能够“显著提高人类生活质量”，但相关风险必须得到严肃对待。
他说：“我相信，如果放缓发展能在模型达到关键能力水平之前为我们多争取一两年时间，而我们利用这段时间推进对齐工作，那么我们就能大大降低严重事故发生的风险。”
English / 原文
Dario Amodei, co-founder and chief executive officer of Anthropic, during an interview on "The Circuit with Emily Chang" at Anthropic's headquarters in San Francisco, California, US, on Thursday, April 30, 2026.
Jason Henry | Bloomberg | Getty Images
OpenAI CEO Sam Altman now says his company will not go public this year, citing growing concerns about AI safety.
In an interview with Fortune published Saturday, Altman said that an IPO now would be "ill-advised." The decision pushes one of the most anticipated IPOs in history until at least 2027 and gives the clearest sign yet that mounting concerns about increasingly powerful AI are beginning to reshape the industry's business plans.
OpenAI CFO Sara Friar told employees just last month that the company would likely go public in 2027 or even sooner, if "our business continues to inflect."
Altman's comments came on the same day that Anthropic CEO Dario Amodei published an essay urging AI companies to slow how quickly they improve their most advanced models. Altman and Elon Musk quickly backed the proposal in social media posts, an unusual show of agreement among three fierce rivals.
In his essay, Amodei proposed a three-step plan aimed at tempering the pace of development without "sacrificing commercial advantage or the United States' lead in AI." Anthropic is actively gearing up for what is expected to be a historic IPO, though the company has not officially disclosed when it plans to debut.
The sudden alignment among Altman, Amodei and Musk shows how quickly concern over AI has moved from the margins to the center of the industry — and is now beginning to collide with its enormous commercial ambitions.
The essay urged artificial intelligence companies to pace how quickly they improve model capabilities. The move comes amid a growing chorus of researchers calling for a coordinated deceleration.
Amodei proposed a three-step plan that he said will help temper the pace of development without "sacrificing commercial advantage or the United States' lead in AI," though he conceded that some steps may be easier to achieve than others.
Pressure is building in Washington, where lawmakers in both parties are calling for new AI safeguards and demanding tech leaders testify after a rash of cyberattacks were carried out without direct human control.
Beyond the nation's capital, state and local officials are also confronting growing outrage against AI data centers and their demands on power, water and communities. With midterm elections approaching, AI is becoming a key issue for both parties.
Concerns around AI's capabilities
Anthropic has "unilaterally" committed to the first step of the plan, Amodei said, which grants third-party evaluators employee-level access to the company to verify safety practices and report incidents. The second step encourages leading AI companies within democratic countries to coordinate and establish common safety standards, and the third calls for coordination between democratic governments and authoritarian governments.
"To be clear, pacing does not mean halting model training or technical progress, but ensuring companies take adequate time to align and safeguard their models, and for third party evaluators to confirm this," Amodei wrote.
The essay landed after an Anthropic researcher set off a firestorm on social media this week by announcing he quit his job at the company. Jacob Coxon, who has also worked as a researcher at Anthropic's chief rival, OpenAI, said he resigned out of concern that Anthropic and OpenAI are "gambling with our lives." He said the people building AI "earnestly believe that it could kill us all by the end of the decade."
While extreme, concerns about the potential for AI to cause human extinction or other catastrophic events are not new in AI research circles. In 2023, for instance, prominent AI researchers and executives, including Amodei and OpenAI's Altman, signed a statement that said, "Mitigating the risk of extinction from AI should be a global priority alongside other societal-scale risks such as pandemics and nuclear war."
Amodei said Saturday that while pausing or slowing AI development has been floated since 2023, it made "little sense" to do so at that time. He said models were not powerful enough to take action in the real world at that point, and they were also not yet capable of "significant deception, manipulation, cheating, or cyberattacks."
"I continue to believe that AI can enormously improve the quality of human life. My desire to achieve these benefits is undimmed," Amodei wrote. "But the benefits will only be achieved if we build the technology in the right way, and — so long as we use the time we gain well — it is worth taking unusually deliberate care to get it right."
After his essay published, Amodei emphasized that finding the right speed of development will be paramount. Slowing down too much could give autocratic governments an edge, he said in a CNN interview that aired later Saturday.
"If we go too slow, I still believe that the wrong people will be in charge of the technology. And that, again, will bring the probability of things going wrong very high," he said.
Sarah Heck, Anthropic's head of public policy, lauded the essay and called on lawmakers to do their part in building guardrails.
"The government has a critical role to play here, including blocking the sale of the most advanced chips to adversarial nations like China, enacting a national law requiring testing of frontier models, with the power to block the most advanced models that prove to be unsafe," she said, in an X post.
Support for a voluntary slowdown
Amodei's essay received cheers from many industry researchers and executives on Saturday, including Altman. In a post on X, Altman said he agreed with Amodei that the industry needs to pace the development of advanced AI capabilities. Altman said the subject has been a "primary topic" of discussion at OpenAI in recent weeks.
"Committing to having independent evaluators with employee-like access is a great idea, and we will do the same," Altman said. "We'll have more to share soon."
Earlier this month, OpenAI's chief scientist, Jakub Pachocki, published a blog post warning that no AI company has "solved alignment and monitoring to a sufficient degree to continue responsibly scaling at maximum speed for much longer." In the AI industry, alignment refers to the work by AI developers to ensure that the system behaves in accordance with human values and intentions.
Pachocki said he expects and hopes for voluntary slowdowns to become "commonplace until shared safety bars are established."
Musk also expressed support for a slowdown on Saturday, writing in a post on X that, "Dario is right."
Musk, whose competing AI startup xAI was acquired by his rocket company SpaceX earlier this year, used to be a vocal critic of Anthropic. He previously said the company "hates Western Civilization," and is "doomed to become the opposite of its name," which would be misanthropic. But since Anthropic announced a major compute deal with SpaceX in May, Musk has largely changed his tune.
"Everyone I met was highly competent and cared a great deal about doing the right thing," Musk wrote at the time. "No one set off my evil detector."
Amodei wrote Saturday that he believes AI could still "dramatically raise the quality of human life," but that the risks need to be taken seriously.
"I believe that if slowing down bought us even an extra year or two before models reach critical levels of capability, and we used that time to advance alignment, we could greatly reduce the risk that something goes seriously wrong," he said.
WATCH: Anthropic AI researcher says company is ‘gambling with our lives’